Constrained Image Segmentation from Hierarchical Boundaries
Pablo Arbelaez and Laurent Cohen

Benchmark Results


Images ranked by F-measure:


Score: F(0.93, 0.94) = 0.93 Humans: F(0.93, 0.98) = 0.96 Rank = 1/100 IID = 167062
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.91, 0.93) = 0.92 Humans: F(0.70, 0.77) = 0.73 Rank = 2/100 IID = 241004
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.89, 0.95) = 0.91 Humans: F(0.78, 0.91) = 0.84 Rank = 3/100 IID = 62096
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.90, 0.90) = 0.90 Humans: F(0.92, 0.99) = 0.95 Rank = 4/100 IID = 101085
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.82, 0.98) = 0.89 Humans: F(0.74, 0.91) = 0.82 Rank = 5/100 IID = 42049
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.88, 0.90) = 0.89 Humans: F(0.49, 0.76) = 0.60 Rank = 6/100 IID = 296059
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.85, 0.89) = 0.87 Humans: F(0.77, 0.95) = 0.85 Rank = 7/100 IID = 78004
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.82, 0.92) = 0.87 Humans: F(0.78, 0.91) = 0.84 Rank = 8/100 IID = 157055
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.82, 0.91) = 0.86 Humans: F(0.78, 0.95) = 0.86 Rank = 9/100 IID = 216081
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.81, 0.93) = 0.86 Humans: F(0.61, 0.87) = 0.72 Rank = 10/100 IID = 227092
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.85, 0.87) = 0.86 Humans: F(0.65, 0.88) = 0.75 Rank = 11/100 IID = 300091
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.87, 0.83) = 0.85 Humans: F(0.62, 0.86) = 0.72 Rank = 12/100 IID = 167083
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.79, 0.92) = 0.85 Humans: F(0.80, 0.91) = 0.85 Rank = 13/100 IID = 253055
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.84, 0.86) = 0.85 Humans: F(0.81, 0.97) = 0.88 Rank = 14/100 IID = 385039
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.79, 0.90) = 0.84 Humans: F(0.65, 0.88) = 0.75 Rank = 15/100 IID = 69020
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.79, 0.89) = 0.84 Humans: F(0.43, 0.77) = 0.55 Rank = 16/100 IID = 229036
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.82, 0.85) = 0.84 Humans: F(0.59, 0.86) = 0.70 Rank = 17/100 IID = 119082
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.75, 0.94) = 0.84 Humans: F(0.69, 0.92) = 0.79 Rank = 18/100 IID = 37073
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.73, 0.99) = 0.84 Humans: F(0.94, 0.95) = 0.94 Rank = 19/100 IID = 196073
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.77, 0.92) = 0.84 Humans: F(0.76, 0.96) = 0.85 Rank = 20/100 IID = 296007
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.75, 0.93) = 0.83 Humans: F(0.83, 0.97) = 0.89 Rank = 21/100 IID = 253027
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.80, 0.86) = 0.83 Humans: F(0.72, 0.92) = 0.81 Rank = 22/100 IID = 147091
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.77, 0.89) = 0.82 Humans: F(0.65, 0.92) = 0.76 Rank = 23/100 IID = 299086
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.85, 0.80) = 0.82 Humans: F(0.72, 0.84) = 0.78 Rank = 24/100 IID = 145086
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.76, 0.88) = 0.82 Humans: F(0.76, 0.88) = 0.82 Rank = 25/100 IID = 101087
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.77, 0.87) = 0.82 Humans: F(0.73, 0.89) = 0.81 Rank = 26/100 IID = 65033
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.75, 0.86) = 0.80 Humans: F(0.70, 0.94) = 0.80 Rank = 27/100 IID = 14037
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.83, 0.76) = 0.79 Humans: F(0.70, 0.92) = 0.80 Rank = 28/100 IID = 41033
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.77, 0.81) = 0.79 Humans: F(0.83, 0.95) = 0.88 Rank = 29/100 IID = 241048
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.76, 0.80) = 0.78 Humans: F(0.73, 0.93) = 0.82 Rank = 30/100 IID = 197017
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.75, 0.81) = 0.78 Humans: F(0.53, 0.92) = 0.68 Rank = 31/100 IID = 38092
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.77, 0.77) = 0.77 Humans: F(0.72, 0.88) = 0.79 Rank = 32/100 IID = 97033
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.66, 0.92) = 0.77 Humans: F(0.91, 0.98) = 0.94 Rank = 33/100 IID = 106024
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.77, 0.77) = 0.77 Humans: F(0.81, 0.98) = 0.88 Rank = 34/100 IID = 189080
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.68, 0.88) = 0.76 Humans: F(0.69, 0.88) = 0.78 Rank = 35/100 IID = 295087
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.74, 0.79) = 0.76 Humans: F(0.61, 0.88) = 0.72 Rank = 36/100 IID = 45096
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.76, 0.76) = 0.76 Humans: F(0.65, 0.90) = 0.75 Rank = 37/100 IID = 271035
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.66, 0.89) = 0.76 Humans: F(0.71, 0.97) = 0.82 Rank = 38/100 IID = 182053
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.70, 0.83) = 0.76 Humans: F(0.61, 0.96) = 0.75 Rank = 39/100 IID = 208001
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.74, 0.78) = 0.76 Humans: F(0.84, 0.95) = 0.89 Rank = 40/100 IID = 143090
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.77, 0.75) = 0.76 Humans: F(0.68, 0.94) = 0.79 Rank = 41/100 IID = 148026
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.66, 0.89) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.57, 0.86) = 0.68 Rank = 42/100 IID = 260058
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.72, 0.79) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.65, 0.82) = 0.73 Rank = 43/100 IID = 85048
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.65, 0.90) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.72, 0.87) = 0.79 Rank = 44/100 IID = 3096
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.73, 0.77) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.47, 0.78) = 0.59 Rank = 45/100 IID = 304034
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.73, 0.77) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.64, 0.91) = 0.75 Rank = 46/100 IID = 134035
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.67, 0.85) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.88, 0.97) = 0.92 Rank = 47/100 IID = 69015
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.79, 0.72) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.64, 0.80) = 0.71 Rank = 48/100 IID = 175043
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.64, 0.90) = 0.75 Humans: F(0.74, 0.84) = 0.79 Rank = 49/100 IID = 156065
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.74, 0.74) = 0.74 Humans: F(0.73, 0.88) = 0.80 Rank = 50/100 IID = 126007
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.71, 0.78) = 0.74 Humans: F(0.74, 0.87) = 0.80 Rank = 51/100 IID = 361010
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.69, 0.80) = 0.74 Humans: F(0.81, 0.96) = 0.88 Rank = 52/100 IID = 285079
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.70, 0.78) = 0.74 Humans: F(0.90, 0.97) = 0.93 Rank = 53/100 IID = 24077
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.68, 0.79) = 0.73 Humans: F(0.81, 0.91) = 0.86 Rank = 54/100 IID = 351093
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.76, 0.69) = 0.73 Humans: F(0.61, 0.85) = 0.71 Rank = 55/100 IID = 376043
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.69, 0.77) = 0.73 Humans: F(0.63, 0.89) = 0.73 Rank = 56/100 IID = 302008
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.75, 0.70) = 0.72 Humans: F(0.77, 0.93) = 0.84 Rank = 57/100 IID = 304074
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.78, 0.67) = 0.72 Humans: F(0.78, 0.88) = 0.83 Rank = 58/100 IID = 86000
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.76, 0.68) = 0.72 Humans: F(0.78, 0.90) = 0.84 Rank = 59/100 IID = 103070
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.61, 0.87) = 0.72 Humans: F(0.63, 0.73) = 0.68 Rank = 60/100 IID = 105025
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.69, 0.75) = 0.72 Humans: F(0.63, 0.84) = 0.72 Rank = 61/100 IID = 33039
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.63, 0.83) = 0.72 Humans: F(0.66, 0.93) = 0.77 Rank = 62/100 IID = 306005
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.65, 0.79) = 0.72 Humans: F(0.72, 0.87) = 0.79 Rank = 63/100 IID = 76053
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.70, 0.72) = 0.71 Humans: F(0.57, 0.88) = 0.69 Rank = 64/100 IID = 21077
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.68, 0.73) = 0.70 Humans: F(0.86, 0.98) = 0.91 Rank = 65/100 IID = 219090
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.71, 0.69) = 0.70 Humans: F(0.73, 0.88) = 0.80 Rank = 66/100 IID = 223061
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.65, 0.74) = 0.69 Humans: F(0.71, 0.83) = 0.76 Rank = 67/100 IID = 55073
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.72, 0.66) = 0.69 Humans: F(0.52, 0.81) = 0.64 Rank = 68/100 IID = 19021
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.69, 0.69) = 0.69 Humans: F(0.71, 0.93) = 0.81 Rank = 69/100 IID = 42012
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.62, 0.78) = 0.69 Humans: F(0.62, 0.86) = 0.72 Rank = 70/100 IID = 66053
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.69, 0.65) = 0.67 Humans: F(0.81, 0.94) = 0.87 Rank = 71/100 IID = 41069
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.65, 0.68) = 0.66 Humans: F(0.68, 0.92) = 0.78 Rank = 72/100 IID = 159008
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.55, 0.83) = 0.66 Humans: F(0.68, 0.89) = 0.77 Rank = 73/100 IID = 102061
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.56, 0.78) = 0.65 Humans: F(0.83, 0.94) = 0.88 Rank = 74/100 IID = 54082
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.65, 0.65) = 0.65 Humans: F(0.73, 0.95) = 0.83 Rank = 75/100 IID = 220075
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.61, 0.69) = 0.65 Humans: F(0.72, 0.91) = 0.81 Rank = 76/100 IID = 163085
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.56, 0.73) = 0.64 Humans: F(0.76, 0.92) = 0.83 Rank = 77/100 IID = 86068
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.60, 0.68) = 0.64 Humans: F(0.80, 0.95) = 0.87 Rank = 78/100 IID = 86016
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.54, 0.75) = 0.63 Humans: F(0.71, 0.88) = 0.78 Rank = 79/100 IID = 43074
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.67, 0.59) = 0.63 Humans: F(0.85, 0.97) = 0.91 Rank = 80/100 IID = 175032
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.57, 0.69) = 0.62 Humans: F(0.70, 0.86) = 0.77 Rank = 81/100 IID = 210088
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.57, 0.69) = 0.62 Humans: F(0.59, 0.93) = 0.72 Rank = 82/100 IID = 38082
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.59, 0.66) = 0.62 Humans: F(0.89, 0.94) = 0.92 Rank = 83/100 IID = 291000
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.59, 0.65) = 0.62 Humans: F(0.76, 0.95) = 0.84 Rank = 84/100 IID = 170057
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.53, 0.71) = 0.61 Humans: F(0.68, 0.93) = 0.79 Rank = 85/100 IID = 58060
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.60, 0.61) = 0.61 Humans: F(0.70, 0.94) = 0.80 Rank = 86/100 IID = 108005
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.57, 0.63) = 0.60 Humans: F(0.84, 0.97) = 0.90 Rank = 87/100 IID = 109053
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.61, 0.58) = 0.59 Humans: F(0.81, 0.97) = 0.88 Rank = 88/100 IID = 89072
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.57, 0.61) = 0.59 Humans: F(0.75, 0.79) = 0.77 Rank = 89/100 IID = 148089
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.61, 0.57) = 0.59 Humans: F(0.81, 0.86) = 0.84 Rank = 90/100 IID = 16077
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.61, 0.54) = 0.57 Humans: F(0.57, 0.84) = 0.68 Rank = 91/100 IID = 69040
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.54, 0.58) = 0.56 Humans: F(0.81, 0.97) = 0.88 Rank = 92/100 IID = 160068
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.52, 0.57) = 0.54 Humans: F(0.75, 0.91) = 0.82 Rank = 93/100 IID = 87046
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.64, 0.45) = 0.53 Humans: F(0.75, 0.87) = 0.81 Rank = 94/100 IID = 123074
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.51, 0.52) = 0.51 Humans: F(0.85, 0.97) = 0.91 Rank = 95/100 IID = 236037
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.64, 0.39) = 0.48 Humans: F(0.94, 0.99) = 0.96 Rank = 96/100 IID = 8023
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.43, 0.54) = 0.48 Humans: F(0.49, 0.74) = 0.59 Rank = 97/100 IID = 130026
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.43, 0.38) = 0.40 Humans: F(0.58, 0.85) = 0.69 Rank = 98/100 IID = 108070
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.40, 0.39) = 0.40 Humans: F(0.84, 0.97) = 0.90 Rank = 99/100 IID = 108082
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence


Score: F(0.32, 0.40) = 0.35 Humans: F(0.65, 0.96) = 0.77 Rank = 100/100 IID = 12084
Ground Truth Seeds Segmentation Correspondence